About

Life in Norfolk

Living in Norfolk means settling into a genuine working city—not a polished resort town—where the economy runs on shipping, military presence, and port activity rather than tourism dollars. The Navy's massive footprint here shapes everything from the job market to the gender ratio (there are noticeably more men, mostly military), but that same stability keeps unemployment low at 4.0% and provides steady paychecks across shipbuilding, defense contracting, and maritime industries. Housing is reasonably priced compared to other major East Coast cities, with a median home value around $289,900 and median rent at $1,321, though you're looking at a median household income of about $66,000—so affordability exists, but it's not dramatically cheap.

Norfolk at a Glance

Population, income, housing and more

Median Age

32.7 yrs

Poverty Rate

16.5%

Foreign-Born

7.9%

Broadband Internet

88.8%

of households

Population Growth

-3.0%

recent change · Census Bureau

Median household income

Norfolk$66,109
Virginia avg$93,170
US$80,734

Demographics7.9% foreign-born, most often from Philippines

Who lives in Norfolk: race and ethnicity, ages, households, languages and countries of origin

In Norfolk, the largest foreign-born group is from Philippines (18.6%), and 5.9% of residents speak Spanish at home.

Under 18

20.3%

of residents

65 and Older

13.0%

of residents

Households with Kids

27.0%

anyone under 18

Living Alone

35.4%

of households

Married Couples

32.9%

of households

Avg Household Size

2.25

people

Race & Ethnicity

White41.2%
Black38.9%
Two or more races5.3%
Asian3.6%
Other0.5%

Hispanic or Latino of any race; other groups are non-Hispanic

Top countries of origin (foreign-born)

Philippines18.6%
Honduras8.3%
Mexico5.5%
El Salvador4.0%
Jamaica3.9%
China2.5%
India2.5%
Guatemala2.4%
Germany2.4%
Ghana2.2%

Languages Spoken at Home

English only88.2%
Spanish5.9%
Tagalog/Filipino1.6%
Other Indo-European1.0%
French/Haitian0.8%
Other0.6%
Other Asian/Pacific0.5%
Russian/Slavic0.3%

Cost of Livingrent 16% below VA average

Rent, home values, and income in Norfolk

In Norfolk, rent runs 16% below the VA average, and home values are 24% below the VA average.

Median rent (per month)

Norfolk$1,321
Virginia avg$1,579
US$1,413

Median home value

Norfolk$289,900
Virginia avg$383,700
US$332,700

Rent Burdened

52.8%

spending 30%+ of income on rent

Severely Rent Burdened

26.3%

spending 50%+

Cost of Living Index

97.9

metro area (BEA) · US avg = 100

Median Property Tax

$2,890

per year, owner-occupied homes

Homeowners

46.3%

of occupied homes are owned

Typical Home Built

1964

median year built

Vacant Homes

8.3%

of housing units

Home Value Trend

$259,501
$310,673
202120222023202420252026

Latest: $310,673 (September 2026)

Jobs & Economyunemployment 0.6 pts above VA average

Unemployment in Norfolk and typical pay across the metro area

Unemployment in Norfolk is 0.6 percentage points higher than the VA average.

Unemployment rate

Norfolk4.0%
Virginia avg3.4%
US4.3%

City-level rate · BLS annual average

Unemployment Rate — 10 Year Trend

5.3%
4.6%
3.7%
3.5%
9.2%
5.7%
3.4%
3.2%
3.5%
4%
2016201720182019202020212022202320242025

City-level (BLS) · Annual averages

What Norfolk Residents Do for Work · share of employed residents by industry

Education & health care25.0%
Professional & business services12.8%
Retail11.1%
Arts, hospitality & food service10.5%
Manufacturing7.4%
Public administration7.4%
Construction6.1%
Finance & real estate6.1%

City residents, wherever they work

Median Salary by Occupation · metro area

Management$109,740
Healthcare$79,670
Business & Finance$79,090
Education$59,170
Construction$49,250
Production$48,840
Office & Admin$39,820
Transportation$38,810

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC metro area

Commute23 min avg

How Norfolk residents get to work, and the nearest airports

In Norfolk, most residents drive alone to work (71%), and 72% get there in under 30 minutes.

How People Get to Work

Drive alone70.6%
Carpool9.5%
Public transit2.6%
Walk5.0%
Work from home10.2%
Other2.2%

Commute Time Distribution

Under 15 min27.3%
15–29 min44.8%
30–44 min19.1%
45–59 min4.3%
60+ min4.6%

Nearest airports · with airline service

  • Norfolk International Airport (ORF)

    Medium hub2.5M passengers boarded in 2025

    6 mi
  • Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA)

    Major hub12.0M passengers boarded in 2025

    144 mi

Straight-line distance. Size is the FAA’s hub category, based on passenger traffic: regional airports may have only a few flights a day.

Safetyviolent crime 21% above national average

Crime rates for 2025

Violent crime in Norfolk runs 21% above the national average.

Violent Crime Rate

399.5

per 100,000 residents

Above average (329 national, 2025)

Property Crime Rate

3,188.2

per 100,000 residents

Above average (1,552 national, 2025)

Norfolk Police Department

Natural DisastersFlash Flood most common — 22 events in 2025

Natural hazard risk, storms and earthquakes

FEMA National Risk Index

Relatively Moderate

81.2 / 100

Compares expected losses from natural hazards, social vulnerability and community resilience against every US county (higher = more risk).

Coastal flooding · HighLightning · HighCold wave · ModerateHeat wave · ModerateHurricane · Moderate

Norfolk County, county-wide · FEMA NRI December 2025

In Norfolk, the most common type is flash flood, with 22 recorded events in 2025.

Most common events:

Flash FloodThunderstorm WindCoastal FloodHeavy RainTropical Storm

Storm events by year

YearEventsTop TypeProperty Damage
202522Flash FloodNone reported
202410Thunderstorm Wind$43,500
202317Flash Flood$43,000
202210Coastal Flood$50.0M
20217Thunderstorm Wind$7,000
202012Heavy Rain$4,000
201914Thunderstorm Wind$9,000
20189Winter Weather$3,000

Property damage is the National Weather Service's estimate filed with each event. “None reported” means the events were logged with $0 damage; “Not estimated” means no estimate was filed. Storms covering several counties aren't counted here, since NOAA doesn't split their damage by county.

0 earthquakes of magnitude 2.5+ within 100 miles in the past year

Norfolk city, county-wide

Air Quality33 median AQI — Good

Days by air quality category (2025)

Air quality in Norfolk is typically good — 312 good-air days per year.

Median AQI

33

Good Days

312

per year

Moderate Days

51

per year

Unhealthy Days

0

per year

Norfolk city-wide

Climate86°F summers, 36°F winters

30-year climate averages (1991–2020) — monthly temperatures and precipitation

Norfolk has warm summers (avg high 86°F) and mild winters (avg low 36°F).

Spring (Mar–May)

69°/50°F

avg high / low

Summer (Jun–Aug)

86°/71°F

avg high / low

Fall (Sep–Nov)

71°/56°F

avg high / low

Winter (Dec–Feb)

52°/36°F

avg high / low

Annual Precipitation

45.7"

Annual Snowfall

3.0"

Hot Days/Year

42

days above 90°F

Freeze Days/Year

32

days below 32°F

Rainy Days/Year

114

Average month

High °FLow °FPrecip (in)
20°40°60°80°100°5.5"Jan: 2.93" precipitationFeb: 2.55" precipitationMar: 3.47" precipitationApr: 3.28" precipitationMay: 3.55" precipitationJun: 4.64" precipitationJul: 5.21" precipitationAug: 5.30" precipitationSep: 5.14" precipitationOct: 3.58" precipitationNov: 3.14" precipitationDec: 2.89" precipitation34°JJan: high 50°F, low 34°FFFeb: high 53°F, low 35°FMMar: high 59°F, low 41°FAApr: high 70°F, low 50°FMMay: high 77°F, low 60°FJJun: high 84°F, low 68°F89°JJul: high 89°F, low 73°FAAug: high 86°F, low 72°FSSep: high 81°F, low 67°FOOct: high 72°F, low 56°FNNov: high 61°F, low 45°FDDec: high 54°F, low 38°F
Show month-by-month table ↓
MonthHighLowPrecip
Jan50°F34°F2.93"
Feb53°F35°F2.55"
Mar59°F41°F3.47"
Apr70°F50°F3.28"
May77°F60°F3.55"
Jun84°F68°F4.64"
Jul89°F73°F5.21"
Aug86°F72°F5.30"
Sep81°F67°F5.14"
Oct72°F56°F3.58"
Nov61°F45°F3.14"
Dec54°F38°F2.89"

Healthcare3 hospitals, avg 3.5/5

Hospitals, ratings, and health insurance in Norfolk

Norfolk has 3 hospitals, averaging 3.5 out of 5 on CMS's quality rating.

Hospitals

3

within city limits

Uninsured

9.1%

of residents

Avg Hospital Rating

3.5 / 5

Sentara Norfolk General Hospital

Acute Care Hospitals · ER available

Sentara Leigh Hospital

Acute Care Hospitals

Childrens Hospital of the Kings Daughters Inc.

Childrens · ER available

Not rated

Nearby hospitals · within 15 miles

Nmc Portsmouth

Acute Care - Department of Defense · ER available · 6.4 mi away · Portsmouth

Not rated

Bon Secours Maryview Medical Center

Acute Care Hospitals · ER available · 8.3 mi away · Portsmouth

Hampton VA Medical Center

Acute Care - Veterans Administration · ER available · 8.3 mi away · Hampton

Adult Health · vs. the typical US place

Obesity39.9%US 36.8%
Diabetes12.4%US 12.6%
High blood pressure35.3%US 37.1%
Current smoking13.7%US 15.0%
No leisure-time physical activity26.1%US 26.6%
Depression22.2%US 23.0%
Asthma11.3%US 10.7%
Routine checkup in past year78.4%US 78.2%

Share of adults. Modeled estimates, not counted cases. “US” = the typical US place.

Medicare-certified hospitals only. Doesn’t include clinics, urgent care, or freestanding ERs.

Education13.4:1 student/teacher ratio

Schools and degree attainment in Norfolk

Norfolk's student/teacher ratio is 13.4:1 (lower than the national average of 16:1), and 33.5% of adults 25+ hold a bachelor's degree or higher.

Public Schools

53

within city limits

Private Schools

27

within city limits

College Degree Rate

33.5%

adults 25+ with bachelor's or higher

Student/Teacher Ratio

13.4:1

National avg 16:1

Schools located within city limits (2023) — school-level metrics change slowly year to year

Colleges & Universities in Norfolk

Old Dominion University

Public · 4-year · 17,514 students · in-state tuition $13,250 · 55% graduate · median earnings $60,482 (10 yrs after entry)

Tidewater Community College

Public · 2-year · 12,082 students · in-state tuition $6,012 · 25% graduate · median earnings $41,596 (10 yrs after entry)

Norfolk State University

Public · 4-year · 5,392 students · in-state tuition $10,456 · 42% graduate · median earnings $49,237 (10 yrs after entry)

Nearby Colleges (within 15 miles)

ECPI University

6.7 mi away

Private for-profit · 2-year · 12,090 students · in-state tuition $18,484 · 52% graduate · median earnings $49,806 (10 yrs after entry)

Regent University

8.9 mi away

Private nonprofit · 4-year · 4,729 students · in-state tuition $22,740 · 33% graduate · median earnings $51,408 (10 yrs after entry)

Virginia Peninsula Community College

13.7 mi away

Public · 2-year · 3,941 students · in-state tuition $5,235 · 22% graduate · median earnings $41,835 (10 yrs after entry)

Hampton University

8.4 mi away

Private nonprofit · 4-year · 3,727 students · in-state tuition $31,512 · 54% graduate · median earnings $63,602 (10 yrs after entry)

Bryant & Stratton College-Virginia Beach

8.9 mi away

Private nonprofit · 2-year · 1,709 students · in-state tuition $18,640 · 34% graduate · median earnings $37,469 (10 yrs after entry)

Virginia Wesleyan University

5 mi away

Private nonprofit · 4-year · 1,256 students · in-state tuition $38,780 · 50% graduate · median earnings $54,390 (10 yrs after entry)

Degree-granting colleges with 100+ students, placed by campus location (main campuses only — branch campuses are reported under their parent school)

Parks & Recreationclosest: Fort Monroe National Monument, 7 mi

Nearby national parks, recreation areas and public libraries for Norfolk

Norfolk has 8 nearby national parks or recreation areas, closest being Fort Monroe National Monument (7 mi away).

Nearby National Parks & Recreation Areas

Fort Monroe National Monument

National Monument

7 mi away

Cape Henry Memorial Part of Colonial National Historical Park

Part of Colonial National Historical Park

13 mi away

Yorktown Battlefield Part of Colonial National Historical Park

Part of Colonial National Historical Park

25 mi away

Colonial National Historical Park

National Historical Park

29 mi away

Historic Jamestowne Part of Colonial National Historical Park

Part of Colonial National Historical Park

34 mi away

Petersburg National Battlefield

National Battlefield

70 mi away

Richmond National Battlefield Park

National Battlefield Park

70 mi away

Wright Brothers National Memorial

National Memorial

70 mi away

Public Libraries in Norfolk

Barron F. Black Branch

6700 E. Tanners Creek Drive, Norfolk

Branch~38 hrs/week

Blyden Branch

879 East Princess Anne Road, Norfolk

Branch~38 hrs/week

Janaf Branch

124 Janaf Shopping Center, Norfolk

Branch~38 hrs/week

Jordan-Newby Anchor Branch At Broad Creek

1425 Norchester Avenue, Norfolk

Branch~45 hrs/week

Lafayette Branch

1610 Cromwell Drive, Norfolk

Branch~38 hrs/week

Larchmont Branch

6525 Hampton Blvd., Norfolk

Branch~38 hrs/week

Little Creek Branch

7853 Tarpon Place, Norfolk

Branch~38 hrs/week

Mary D. Pretlow Anchor Branch Library

111 West Ocean View Ave., Norfolk

Branch~45 hrs/week

Park Place Branch

620 W. 29th Street, Norfolk

Branch~38 hrs/week

Richard A. Tucker Memorial Library

2350 Berkley Avenue Ext., Norfolk

Branch~45 hrs/week

Slover Library

235 E. Plume Street, Norfolk

Branch~40 hrs/week

Van Wyck Branch

1368 Debree Avenue, Norfolk

Branch~38 hrs/week

Cities Near Norfolk

The closest cities within 60 miles

Planning a move to Norfolk?

Read our full moving guide — what it's really like to live here.

Moving to Norfolk →

Norfolk FAQ

Is Norfolk, Virginia affordable?⌄

Norfolk's median rent is $1,321/month, which is close to the national average. The median household income is $66,109/year. Median home value is $289,900.

Is Norfolk, Virginia safe?⌄

Norfolk's violent crime rate was 400 per 100,000 residents in 2025, which is above the national average of 329/100k that year. Property crime rate is 3188 per 100,000. As with any city, crime rates vary by neighborhood.

What is the job market like in Norfolk, Virginia?⌄

Norfolk has an unemployment rate of 4.0%, which is close to the national average of 4.3%.

What is the cost of living in Norfolk, Virginia?⌄

The cost of living in Norfolk is primarily driven by housing. Median rent is $1,321/month and median household income is $66,109/year. The median home value is $289,900. About 53% of renters spend more than 30% of their income on housing.

How is the commute in Norfolk, Virginia?⌄

The average commute in Norfolk is 23 minutes, which is about average compared to the national average of 26 minutes.

Data from the US Census Bureau, BLS, FBI, NOAA, EPA, Zillow Research and other public sources. Where our data comes from